Faʻahinga mo hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e ngaahi uaea ʻi he ʻenisinia fakaʻuhila

Ko e ngaahi uaea ko ha konga mahuʻinga ia ʻi he ʻenisinia fakaʻuhila, fakahoko ha ngaahi fatongia mahuʻinga ʻi he sosaieti ʻo onoponi, mei he malohi ʻoku feʻaveʻaki ki he fetuʻutaki mo e misini ke puleʻi ʻaki e fakamatala. Ki he ngaahi ngaue mo e ʻatakai kehekehe, ʻoku mahuʻinga hono fili ʻo e keipolo toʻomataʻu; ʻOku uesia ʻe he fili ko ʻeni ʻa e malu ʻa e System, lifespan, mo e fakamole ki hono tauhí. ʻI he fakamatala ko ʻeni, te tau vakaiʻi ʻa e ngaahi faʻahinga keipolo angamaheni mo ʻenau ngaahi tohi kole ʻi he ʻenisinia fakaʻuhila ke tokoni atu ke ke maʻu ʻa e keipolo totonu ki ha ngaahi tukunga kehekehe.

Ngaahi tefitoʻi fakafaʻahinga keipolo

ʻE lava ke vahevahe ʻa e ngaahi uaea ki ha ngaahi kulupu ʻo makatuʻunga ʻi he ngaahi tuʻunga voltage mo hono fakaʻaongaʻi: voltage maʻulalo, Lotoloto-voltage, voltage maʻolunga, mo e ngaahi uaea ʻoku ʻikai ke sai. ʻOku ʻi ai ha ngaahi meʻa makehe ʻi he faʻahinga keipolo takitaha ʻoku feʻunga mo ha ngaahi polokalama pau, ʻa ia te tau vakaiʻi fakaʻauliliki ʻi lalo.

ʻU uaea Voltage maʻulalo (ʻU uaea ʻa LV)

Ngaahi uaea voltage maʻulalo, angamaheni ʻaki hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻi he systems ki he 1kV, ʻOku angamaheni ʻaki hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻi he ngaahi fale ki he mama, maʻuʻanga ʻuhila, mo e ngaahi fie maʻu fakaʻaho kehé. ʻI he ngaahi ngaue fakakomesiale mo e ʻapi nofoʻanga fakatouʻosi, ʻOku lahi hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e ngaahi uaea voltage maʻulalo koeʻuhi ko ʻenau tolonga, ola lelei ʻo e fakamolé, mo lava ke feliliuaki. ʻOku hanga ʻe he ngaahi ʻulungaanga lelei ko ʻeni ʻo ʻai ke nau feʻunga mo e fakauaea mo e ngaahi fehokotakiʻanga ʻi he ngaahi fale.

ʻU uaea Lotoloto-Voltage (MV ʻu uaea)

ʻOku feʻunga ʻa e ngaahi uaea voltage Lotoloto ki he ngaahi founga fakaʻuhila ʻoku kamata mei he 1kV ki he 35kV, angamaheni ʻaki hono fakatokangaʻi ʻi he ngaahi naunau malohi mo e meʻafua ʻo e grids. ʻOku mahuʻinga ʻa e ngaahi uaea ko ʻeni ʻi he ngaahi feituʻu fakaikiki mo e ngaahi founga tufakiʻanga naunau. Koeʻuhi ko e ngaahi fie maʻu voltage maʻolunga ange, ʻOku fokotuʻutuʻu ʻa e ngaahi uaea MV ʻaki ha ngaahi naunau ʻaofi maluʻi mei maʻolunga ke feau ʻaki e ngaue mo e tuʻunga malu.

ʻU uaea voltage maʻolunga (HV uaea)

ʻOku fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e ngaahi uaea voltage maʻolunga ʻi he ngaahi System ʻi ʻolunga 35kV pea hoko ko e tefitoʻi faʻunga ki hono feʻaveʻaki ʻo e malohi mamaʻo. ʻI he ngaahi tuʻunga ʻaofi maluʻi mei faingataʻa ke fakapapauʻi ʻoku falalaʻanga mo malu, ʻOku mahuʻinga ʻa e ngaahi uaea HV ʻi he founga feʻaveʻaki mamaʻo, tautautefito ki he malohi lahi grids.

ʻU uaea ʻoku ʻikai ke sai

Ngaahi uaea ʻoku ʻikai ke sai, hange ko e ko-insulated, matuʻuaki e vela, mo e ʻa e kohu noa-halogen (LSZH) ngaahi uaea, ʻOku fakataumuʻa ia ki ha ngaahi ʻatakai pau mo ha ngaahi taumuʻa makehe. ʻOku ʻomi ʻe he ngaahi uaea ko ʻeni ha ngaahi koloa maʻolunga, hange ko e fakafepaki ʻa e afi, katakiʻi ʻo e mafana, mo corrosion fakafepaki, ʻai ke nau feʻunga mo e ngaahi ʻatakai faingataʻa hange ko e tunnels, ngaahi founga ʻoku ʻikai ke ʻi ai, mo e ngaahi fale ʻo e ivi fakaʻatomi ʻa ia ʻoku mahuʻinga taha ai ʻa e malu mo e ala falalaʻanga.

Faʻahinga keipolo angamaheni mo e ngaahi feituʻu ʻoku nau fakaʻaongaʻi

ʻOku liliu ʻa e ngaahi faʻahinga keipolo kehekehe ki heʻenau ngaahi polokalama lahi ʻi he ngaahi ngaueʻanga kehekehe. Ko e niʻihi ʻeni ʻo e ngaahi faʻahinga angamaheni taha mo honau ngaahi fatongia pau ʻi he ʻenisinia fakaʻuhila.

ʻU uaea ʻuhila

Ko e ngaahi uaea ʻuhila ko e huʻituʻa ia ʻo e feʻaveʻaki fakaʻuhila pea ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi lahi ia ʻi he toʻu tangata malohi mo e ngaahi founga tufakiʻanga naunau. ʻI he taimi ʻoku fili ai e ngaahi uaea ʻuhila, ʻOku mahuʻinga ke fakakaukauʻi ʻa e ngaahi moʻoniʻi meʻa hange ko e ivi mo e ʻaofi maluʻi mei lelei ke fakapapauʻi ʻoku tuʻu maʻu mo malu ʻi he ngaahi kavenga maʻolunga.

ʻU uaea fetuʻutaki

Tefitoʻi fakaʻaongaʻi ki hono feʻaveʻaki ʻo e fakamatala, ngaahi uaea fetuʻutakí kau ai ʻa e filo optic mo e ngaahi uaea coaxial, angamaheni ʻaki hono maʻu ʻi he fetuʻutaki fakatelefoni mo e Senita fakamatala hulu fokotuʻutuʻu. ʻI he tupulaki ko ia ʻa e fie maʻu ke vave e fakamatala, ʻOku fakautuutu e mahuʻinga ʻo e ngaahi uaea fetuʻutaki mo e vave ʻo e feʻaveʻaki mo e kaunoa, mo e filo optics hoko ko ha fili tuʻukimuʻa.

Puleʻi ʻo e ʻu uaea

ʻOku fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e ngaahi uaea puleʻi ʻi he misini, fakafehokotaki ʻa e sensors mo e controllers ʻi he ngaahi misini hulu fokotuʻutuʻu. ʻOku fie maʻu ʻe he ngaahi uaea ko ʻeni ha fakafepaki lelei mo faingofua ke fakapapauʻi ʻoku feʻaveʻaki ʻa e fakaʻilonga falalaʻanga ʻi he ngaahi founga faingataʻa, hange ko ia ʻoku maʻu ʻi he ngaahi laine ngaohiʻanga fakakomipiuta.

Instrumentation uaea

ʻOku fakataumuʻa ʻa e ngaahi uaea Instrumentation ki he fakaʻilonga totonu ʻi he ngaahi ngaueʻanga ʻoku fie maʻu ke mapuleʻi totonu, hange ko e petrochemicals mo e pharmaceuticals. ʻOku faʻa fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e ngaahi uaea ko ʻeni ʻi he ngaahi ʻatakai ʻoku mafana ai e ʻea mo e ngaahi faingataʻa, ʻomi ha fakafepaki mo ha tuʻunga maʻolunga ke fakapapauʻi ʻoku angatonu ʻa e fakamatala.

Ko hono langa ʻo e uaea

ʻOku fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e uaea langa ʻi he ngaahi fale fakakomesiale mo e ʻapi nofoʻanga ki he malohi mo e mama. ʻOku faʻa ngaohi ʻa e ngaahi uaea ko ʻeni ʻaki ʻa e ngaahi naunau ʻoku ne matuʻuaki ʻa e afi mo faingofua hono fokotuʻu, hange ko e PVC pe LSZH, feau e ngaahi fie maʻu ki he malú ʻi he ngaahi ʻātakai ʻoku langa aí.

Ngaahi meʻa mahuʻinga ke fakakaukauʻi ʻi he taimi ʻoku fili ai e ngaahi uaea

ʻOku kehekehe pe ʻa e ngaahi ngaue ʻi heʻenau ngaahi fie maʻu keipolo, ko ia ʻoku kau ʻi hono fili ʻo e keipolo totonu ʻa hono fakafuofuaʻi ha ngaahi meʻa mahuʻinga lahi:

Tuʻunga Voltage

ʻOku fakapapauʻi ʻe he tuʻunga Voltage ʻa e faʻahinga keipolo ʻoku fie maʻu, ʻi he voltages maʻolunga ange ʻoku fie maʻu ki ai ha ʻaofi maluʻi mei maʻolunga ange ki he ngaue ʻoku malu mo lelei.

Ngaahi tuʻunga ʻo e ʻatakai

ʻOku totonu ke feʻunga ʻa e ngaahi uaea mo honau ʻatakai pau. Hange ko ʻeni, matuʻuaki e vela pe corrosion e ngaahi uaea ʻoku nau fakafepakiʻi e ʻea, ʻafu, pe ngaahi feituʻu fakatuʻutamaki.

Lahi ʻo e keipolo mo e meʻa ʻoku malava lolotonga

ʻOku uesia fakahangatonu ʻe he lahi ʻo e keipolo ʻa hono ivi lolotonga. Fakapapauʻi ʻe lava ʻe he keipolo ʻo matuʻuaki ʻa e uta fakaʻuhila ʻo e polokalama ʻoku ne taʻofi ʻa e ʻea fakamafana mo e meʻa ʻe ala hoko.

Ngaahi fie maʻu ki hono tolonga mo hono tokangaʻi

Fakakaukau ki he tolonga mo e ngaahi fie maʻu ki hono tokangaʻi ʻo e keipolo, tautautefito ki hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻi he ngaahi ʻatakai fefeka, ʻa ia ʻe lava ke tokoni ai ʻa e ngaahi naunau lelei ange mo e langa makehe ke fakasiʻisiʻi ʻa e fakamole ki hono tokangaʻi taimi loloa.

Ngaahi sipinga ʻo hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e ngaahi uaea ʻi he ngaahi tukunga angamaheni

Ke mahino lelei ange ʻa e ngaahi polokalama keipolo, Ko ha ngaahi sipinga ʻeni ʻo e faʻahinga uaea kehekehe ʻoku fakaʻaongaʻi ʻi he ngaahi tukunga moʻoni ʻo e mamani.

Ngaahi uaea Voltage maʻolunga ʻi he malohi ʻo e grids

ʻOku fakapapauʻi ʻe he ngaahi uaea voltage maʻolunga ʻa e malohi ʻoku feʻaveʻaki mei he ngaahi feituʻu ʻo e toʻu tangata ki he ngaahi feituʻu ʻi he feitu, fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e ʻaofi maluʻi mei mo e malohi tensile maʻolunga ke poupouʻi ʻa e tufakiʻanga naunau mamaʻo.

Puleʻi ʻo e ngaahi uaea ʻi he misini fakamisini

ʻOku fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e ngaahi uaea pule ke fakafehokotaki ʻaki ʻa e meʻangaue mo e Control systems ʻi he misini ki he ngaahi meʻa fakap. ʻI he fakafepaki malohi mo e tolonga, ʻOku fakaʻata ʻe he ngaahi uaea ko ʻeni ʻa e ngaahi ngaue lelei mo fai maʻu pe ʻi he ngaahi ʻatakai fakakomipiuta.

Ngaahi uaea fetuʻutaki ʻi he ngaahi senita fakamatala

ʻOku fakafalala ʻa e feʻaveʻaki ʻo e fakamatala ʻoku vave ʻene feʻaveʻaki ʻi he ngaahi senita fakamatala ki he filo optic mo coaxial ngaahi uaea. ʻOku ʻaonga fakahangatonu ʻa e fili ʻo e ngaahi uaea fetuʻutaki ki he lavameʻa ʻo e feʻaveʻaki fakamatala, ko hono ngaohi ʻo e filo optics ke fakautuutu ʻene mafola.

Instrumentation uaea ʻi Petrochemical ʻakau

ʻI he ngaahi ʻatakai faingataʻa hange ko petrochemical ngaahi fale, ʻOku ʻomi ʻe he ngaahi uaea instrumentation ha vakaiʻi totonu mo mapuleʻi ʻi he mafana ʻo e ʻea mo e ngaahi tuʻunga fakatuʻutamaki.

Fetoʻaki mo e ngaahi fakalakalaka ʻi he kahaʻu ʻi he tekinolosia keipolo

ʻI he hokohoko atu e ngaahi fakalakalaka fakatekinolosia, ʻOku kei hokohoko atu pe ʻa e e ʻa e tekinolosia keipolo ke feau e ngaahi fie maʻu ʻoku fakautuutu hono fakaʻaongaʻi.

Toloto e ʻu uaea ʻo e ivi

ʻI he tupulaki ʻa e ivi toloto ʻo e ohi, kuo tupulaki ʻa e fie maʻu ʻo e ngaahi fetuʻu mo e ngaahi uaea ʻo e matangi. ʻE fakamamafaʻi ʻe he ngaahi faʻufaʻu keipolo ʻi he kahaʻu ʻa e lavameʻa mo e kaunga-fakakaumeʻa.

Smart uaea mo e IoT fakatahaʻi

ʻOku feʻunga pe ʻa e ngaahi uaea poto ʻoku lava ke vakaiʻi fakahangatonu mo mapuleʻi mamaʻo ki he ngaahi kolo poto mo e Smart grids. ʻOku ʻomi ʻe hono fakatahaʻi ʻo e IoT mo e tekinolosia keipolo ha ngaahi faingamalie foʻou ʻi hono tokangaʻi ʻo e malohi.

Ngaahi naunau foʻou mo e ngaahi uaea Environmentally-fakakaumeʻa

LSZH uaea, ngaohi mei he ngaahi naunau anga fakakaumeʻa, ʻOku nau maʻu ʻa e manakoa koeʻuhi ko ʻenau fakafepaki ki he afi mo e toxicity maʻulalo, tautautefito ʻi he ngaahi feituʻu fakapuleʻangá mo e ngaahi fale nofoʻangá. ʻOku ngalingali ʻe nofotaha ʻa e ngaahi fakalakalaka ʻi he kahaʻu ʻi he ngaahi ngaue keipolo ʻi hono tauhi ʻo e ʻatakai mo e malu.

Fakaʻosi

ʻOku tokoni ʻa e mahino ʻo e faʻahinga kehekehe mo hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e ngaahi uaea ke ke fai ha ngaahi fili ʻo makatuʻunga ʻi he ngaahi fie maʻu ki he ngaue, fakapapauʻi ʻoku malu mo lavameʻa ʻa e system. ʻOku ʻomi ʻe he ngaahi ʻilo foʻou ʻi he tekinolosia keipolo ha ngaahi faingamalie foʻou ʻi he ʻenisinia fakaʻuhila, mo toloto ivi, poto fakatekinolosia, mo e ngaahi founga fakaleleiʻi ʻo e kaunga-fakakaumeʻa ʻoku ne ʻave ʻa e liliu heʻene hoko ʻo e ngaahi founga malohi. Tatau ai pe pe toloto e ngaahi uaea ʻo e ivi, ngaahi uaea poto, pe environmentally ngaahi uaea anga fakakaumeʻa, te nau takitaha fakahoko ha fatongia mahuʻinga ʻi hono fakafotunga e kahaʻu ʻo e faʻunga fakaʻuhila.